Dwarf mistletoes reduce tree height and diameter, and thereby cause a reduction in volume production. We estimate that volume reduction in Montana is about 33.2 MM cubic feet per year. Mistletoe effects are problems in some areas because of the demands we have placed on the Forests for goods and services. Much of their impact can be reduced to levels consistent with resource management objectives through cultural practices. The resource manager considers information on the stands, pest-caused losses, and environmental and social considerations in deciding for or against cultural control.