Insects and diseases have the potential of seriously affecting timber associated resources on eastside forests within the foreseeable future. Within the past decade, lodgepole pine mortality attributed to the mountain pine beetle has totaled tens of millions of trees on the Gallatin and Beaverhead National Forests (NF) alone. In that same time, growth loss resulting from western spruce budworm defoliation has been about 90 million cubic feet. Growth loss to dwarf mistletoe for the past decade has been nearly 68 million cubic feet. Root disease-caused losses have likewise been significant.