We report the development and characterization of high quality polyaniline-silicon heterojunction diodes appropriated for use as gas and/or ionizing radiation sensors. Polyaniline thin films 40 nm thick are an active part of the junction structure, that presents excellent electrical characteristics, with rectifying ratio of 50,000 at ± 1.0 Volt bias. The devices are very sensitive to gamma-radiation up to 6,000 Gy and to gas moistures such ammonia, nitric acid and trichloroethylene. The sensitivity of the diodes is observed through shifts of the current-voltage (I-V) curves which can be easily monitored to provide a calibration curve of the sensor either as a radiation dosimeter or as a gas sensor for use in applications in environments demanding gas monitoring or radiation dosimetry.