| dc.creator |
Khalid O. Alfarouk |
|
| dc.creator |
Mohammed E.A. Shayoub |
|
| dc.creator |
Abdel Khalig Muddathir |
|
| dc.creator |
Gamal O. Elhassan |
|
| dc.creator |
Adil H.H. Bashir |
|
| dc.date |
2011 |
|
| dc.date.accessioned |
2013-05-30T13:10:12Z |
|
| dc.date.available |
2013-05-30T13:10:12Z |
|
| dc.date.issued |
2013-05-30 |
|
| dc.identifier |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/3/3/3002/ |
|
| dc.identifier |
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=article&issn=20726694&date=2011&volume=3&issue=3&spage=3002 |
|
| dc.identifier.uri |
http://koha.mediu.edu.my:8181/jspui/handle/123456789/5637 |
|
| dc.description |
Carcinogenesis occurs through a series of steps from normal into benign and finally malignant phenotype. This cancer evolutionary trajectory has been accompanied by similar metabolic transformation from normal metabolism into Pasteur and/or Crabtree-Effects into Warburg-Effect and finally Cannibalism and/or Lactate-Symbiosis. Due to lactate production as an end-product of glycolysis, tumor colonies acquire new phenotypes that rely on lactate as energetic fuel. Presence of Warburg-Effect indicates that some tumor cells undergo partial (if not complete) de-endosymbiosis and so cancer cells have been become unicellular microorganism (anti-Dollo’s Law) specially when they evolve to develop cannibalism as way of metabolism while oxidative types of cells that rely on lactate, as their energetic fuel, might represent extra-endosymbiosis. Thus, at the end, the cancer colony could be considered as integrated metabolic ecosystem. Proper understanding of tumor metabolism will contribute to discover potential anticancer agents besides conventional chemotherapy. |
|
| dc.language |
eng |
|
| dc.publisher |
Molecular Diversity Preservation International |
|
| dc.source |
Cancers |
|
| dc.subject |
Warburg-effect |
|
| dc.subject |
Crabtree-effect |
|
| dc.subject |
Pasteur-effect |
|
| dc.subject |
lactate symbiosis |
|
| dc.subject |
cannibalism |
|
| dc.subject |
reverse evolution |
|
| dc.subject |
convergent evolution |
|
| dc.title |
Evolution of Tumor Metabolism might Reflect Carcinogenesis as a Reverse Evolution process (Dismantling of Multicellularity) |
|