Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with maternal and fetal complications. Specificoutcomes in previous pregnancies are considered as risk factors for GDM in the consecutive pregnancies. Theaim of this study was to evaluate the pregravid risk factors of GDM in multigravid women.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross sectional study on 114 multigravid women with GDM withoutprevious history of diabetes and compared them with non-diabetic controls. We used modified criteria of Carpenterand Coustan for screening. Risk factors were obtained from medical records of individuals.Results: We found that women of 26 years and older who had previous neonates with birth weight more than3800 gram and those affected with hypothyroidism or chronic hypertension were at risk for GDM. The differenceof the number of preterm birth in GDM women and healthy controls was statistically significant (p=0.05). Therewas no significant difference between the numbers of pregnancies, parity, previous fetal and neonatal death andabortion number between patients and the control group.Conclusion: Our results show that maternal age over 26 years, birth weight of previous neonate more than 3800 g,hypothyroidism, chronic hypertension and probably history of preterm birth are significant risk factors for GDM.