المستودع الأكاديمي جامعة المدينة

Boda-bodas rule: Non-agricultural activities and their inequality implications in Western Kenya

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dc.creator Lay, Jann
dc.creator M'Mukaria, George Michuki
dc.creator Omar Mahmoud, Toman
dc.date 2007
dc.date.accessioned 2013-10-16T06:10:22Z
dc.date.available 2013-10-16T06:10:22Z
dc.date.issued 2013-10-16
dc.identifier http://hdl.handle.net/10419/4250
dc.identifier ppn:560906692
dc.identifier RePEc:zbw:gdec07:6543
dc.identifier.uri http://koha.mediu.edu.my:8181/xmlui/handle/10419/4250
dc.description Diversification into non-agricultural activities in rural areas can be broadly classified as either survival-led or opportunity-led. The existence of these two types of non-agricultural activities implies a U-shaped relationship between the share of income derived from non-agricultural activities and household wealth as well as total household income. Survival-led engagement in non-agricultural activities would be inequality-decreasing through increasing the incomes of the poorer parts of the population and would reduce poverty. Opportunity-led diversification, by contrast, would increase inequality and have a minor effect on poverty, as it tends to be confined to non-poor households. Using data from a household survey conducted by ourselves in Western Kenya, we find the overall share of non-agricultural income in this very poor region to be important, but below the sub-Saharan African average. Multivariate analyses confirm the existence of both survival-led and opportunity-led diversification. Yet, the poverty and inequality implications of the differently motivated diversification strategies differ somewhat from our expectations. As expected, we find high-return activities to be confined to richer households, while both rich and poor households are engaged in low-return activities. Very poor households even appear to be excluded from the latter. Simple simulation exercises illustrate the inequality-increasing and very limited poverty effects of increases in high-return income, whereas increased low-return income shows substantial poverty reduction leverage. Our findings indicate that rural households do not only face asset constraints, but also very limited or relatively risky high-return opportunities outside agriculture.
dc.language eng
dc.relation Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Göttingen 2007 / Verein für Socialpolitik, Research Committee Development Economics 20
dc.rights http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen
dc.subject I31
dc.subject O17
dc.subject Q12
dc.subject ddc:330
dc.subject Income diversification
dc.subject Non-agricultural activities
dc.subject Inequality
dc.subject Dorfwirtschaft
dc.subject Landwirtschaftlicher Kleinbetrieb
dc.subject Diversifikation
dc.subject Ländliches Einkommen
dc.subject Einkommensverteilung
dc.subject Kenia (West)
dc.subject Afrika südlich der Sahara
dc.title Boda-bodas rule: Non-agricultural activities and their inequality implications in Western Kenya
dc.type doc-type:conferenceObject


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