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We have cloned a novel mouse CC chemokine cDNA from the lung during an allergic inflammatory reaction. The protein encoded by this cDNA is chemotactic for eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. Based on its similarities in sequence and function
with other CC chemokines, we have named it mouse monocyte chemotactic protein-5
(mMCP-5). Under noninflammatory conditions, expression of mMCP-5 in the lymph nodes
and thymus is constitutive and is generally restricted to stromal cells. Neutralization ofmMCP-5 protein with specific antibodies during an allergic inflammatory reaction in vivo resulted in a reduction in the number of eosinophils that accumulated in the lung. Moreover, mMCP-5 mtkNA expression in vivo is regulated differently from that of other major CC chemokines in
the lung during the allergic reaction, including Eotaxin. The presence oflymphocytes is essential
for expression of mMCP-5 by alveolar macrophages and smooth muscle cells in the lung, and the induction of mMCP-5 RNA occurs earlier than that of the eosinophil chemokine Eotaxin during allergic inflammation. In contrast to Eotaxin, mR.NA for mMCP-5 can be produced
by mast cells. From these results, we postulate that mMCP-5 plays a pivotal role during the early stages of allergic lung inflammation.
Peer reviewed