Trabajo publicado como artículo en Applied Economics 43(4): 465-485 (2011).-- http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840903427216This study examines the evolution of labor productivity across Spanish regions during the period from 1977 to 2002. By applying the kernel technique, we estimate the effects of the Transition process on labor productivity and its main sources. We find that Spanish regions experienced a major convergence process in labor productivity and in human capital in the 1977-1993 period. We also pinpoint the existence of a transition co-movement between labor productivity and human capital. Conversely, the dynamics of investment in physical capital seem unrelated to the transition dynamics of labor productivity. The lack of co-evolution can be addressed as one of the causes of the current slowdown in productivity.A few parts of this study are based on the conclusions of a research project financed by the Institut d’Estudis Autònomics. R. Nicolini’s research is supported by a Ramón y Cajal contract and research grants 2005SGR00470 and SEJ2005-01427/ECON are gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewed