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Nevirapine-associated early hepatotoxicity: incidence, risk factors, and associated mortality in a primary care ART programme in South Africa.

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dc.contributor South African Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Johannesburg, South Africa. kathryn.chu@joburg.msf.org
dc.creator Chu, Kathryn M
dc.creator Boulle, Andrew M
dc.creator Ford, Nathan
dc.creator Goemaere, Eric
dc.creator Asselman, Valerie
dc.creator Van Cutsem, Gilles
dc.date 2010-02
dc.date.accessioned 2017-01-31T07:16:30Z
dc.date.available 2017-01-31T07:16:30Z
dc.identifier Nevirapine-associated early hepatotoxicity: incidence, risk factors, and associated mortality in a primary care ART programme in South Africa. 2010, 5 (2):e9183 PLoS ONE
dc.identifier 1932-6203
dc.identifier 20174653
dc.identifier 10.1371/journal.pone.0009183
dc.identifier http://hdl.handle.net/10144/95556
dc.identifier http://fieldresearch.msf.org/msf/handle/10144/95556
dc.identifier PloS One
dc.identifier.uri http://dspace.mediu.edu.my:8181/xmlui/handle/10144/95556
dc.description BACKGROUND: The majority of antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa are scaling up antiretroviral treatment using a fixed dose first-line antiretroviral regimen containing stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine. One of the primary concerns with the use of this regimen is nevirapine-associated hepatotoxicity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Study participants were 1809 HIV-infected, antiretroviral naïve adults initiating nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy between November 2002 and December 2006. The primary outcome was early hepatotoxicity. Secondary outcomes were associations with hepatotoxicity and mortality at six months. The cumulative proportion of early hepatotoxicity ranged from 1.0-2.0% giving an incidence-rate at 102 days of 3.6-7.6 per 100 person-years. Median time to hepatotoxicity was 32 (IQR 28-58) days. At 12 weeks, only 8% of patients had alanine aminotransferase monitoring at all the time-points recommended by national guidelines. No association was found between age, gender, baseline CD4 count, concurrent tuberculosis infection, prior participation in a prevention of mother-to-child-transmission program, or baseline weight and early hepatotoxicity. There was no association between early hepatotoxicity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative proportion of early hepatotoxicity in nevirapine based antiretroviral therapy was low in this resource-constrained setting. Hepatotoxicity was not associated with mortality. Frequent routine monitoring of alanine aminotransferase proved difficult to implement in this public sector primary care programme. Focused monitoring in the first month may be a more cost-effective and pragmatic option in settings with limited resources. Correlation with clinical signs and symptoms may allow future alanine aminotransferase testing to be dictated by clinical criteria.
dc.language en
dc.rights Published by Public Library of Science, [url]http://www.plosone.org/[/url] Archived on this site by Open Access permission
dc.title Nevirapine-associated early hepatotoxicity: incidence, risk factors, and associated mortality in a primary care ART programme in South Africa.


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